ABOUT THE WHOOPING CRANE
The story of the Whooping Crane, one of North America's largest and most striking birds, is a classic for American conservation. In 1941, only 21 wild Whooping Cranes remained -- mainly due to habitat loss as wild land was rapidly developed. It took until 1967 for the crane to be declared endangered, but conservation efforts were strong and well implemented.
Though today's population is still low compared to historic numbers, the Whooping Crane can be considered a conservation success story with almost 400 birds in the wild and 138 in captivity.
One particularly successful and inspiring organization working to help Whoopers is Operation Migration. Chicks are reared in captivity to increase survival rates. The volunteers wear crane costumes so that the chicks don't "imprint" on human beings. Because the young birds would normally be taught to migrate by adult cranes, Operation Migration uses a novel method of teaching the migration routes using ultralight aircraft. In this way, the captive reared chicks can be successfully reintroduced to the wild.
Whooping Cranes were brought to such low numbers due mainly to habitat loss. During the 20th century, much of the land where they once wintered across the Midwestern United States, was rapidly developed for agricultural, residential, commercial and recreational purposes --- leaving the cranes with nowhere to go. Additionally, the cranes were once hunted for their beautiful feathers.
Today, the main threats to the Whooping Crane are power lines, which they can die in during migration, and limited genetic diversity. Additionally, because of their small numbers, the cranes' survival could be threatened by any environmental disruption, disease or natural events, such as storms.
Though the Whooping Cranes' recovery has been remarkable, it has been due only to the dedicated and brave efforts of many conservation organizations and volunteers, and those that have helped to fund these efforts. Continued work is needed to secure the future of these wonderful birds, but perhaps some day they'll again occupy their full range, and flocks of these beautiful birds will cross the skies of North America.